| Henri Jules | |
|---|---|
| Prince of Condé | |
| Henri Jules with his father, le Grand Condé | |
| Spouse | Anne Henriette of Bavaria |
| Issue | |
| Marie Thérèse, Princess of Conti Louis, Prince of Condé Anne Marie, Mademoiselle de Condé Louise Bénédicte, Duchess of Maine Marie Anne, Duchess of Vendôme |
|
| Full name | |
| Henri Jules de Bourbon | |
| Father | Louis de Bourbon, le Grande Condé |
| Mother | Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé |
| Born | 29 July 1643 Paris, France |
| Died | 1 April 1709 (aged 65) Paris, France |
Henri Jules de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (Paris, 29 July 1643 – Paris, 1 April 1709) was prince de Condé, from 1686 to his death. At the end of his life he suffered from clinical lycanthropy and was considered insane.
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Henri Jules was born to Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé and his wife in 1643. He was five years younger than King Louis XIV. An only child, he became the sole heir to the enormous Condé fortune and property. His mother was a niece of Cardinal Richelieu. He was baptised at the Église Saint-Sulpice, Paris on his day of birth. For the first three years of his life, while his father was duc d'Enghien, he was known at court as the duc d'Albret.
Upon the death of his grandfather, he succeeded to his father's courtesy title of duc d'Enghien. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was born a prince du sang with the style of Monsieur le Duc.
Throughout much of his life, Henri Jules was mentally unstable. It was said that his mental illness was inherited through his mother's family. He was a short, ugly, debauched and brutal man not only "repulsive in appearance", but "cursed with so violent a temper that it was positively dangerous to contradict him".[1]
Trained as a soldier, in 1673, he was put in charge of the Rhine front. This high ranking military position was just in name only, though, because Henri Jules lacked the military skills of his father. He was well educated but had a malicious character. A possible bride who was considered for him at this time was his distant cousin, Élisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans, daughter of Gaston d'Orléans. However, a marriage did not materialise.
He eventually married Anne Henriette of Bavaria in the chapel of the Palais du Louvre, in Paris, in December 1663. The bride was the daughter of Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern, a prince of the Palatine. Her mother was the famous political hostess, Anna Gonzaga. The couple had ten children. The young princess was noted for her pious, generous and charitable nature. Many at court praised her for her very supportive attitude towards her disagreeable husband. Despite her good qualities, though, Henri Jules, who was prone to great rages, would often beat his quiet wife.
In addition, Henri Jules had an illegitimate daughter by Françoise-Charlotte de Montalais. The child, Julie de Bourbon, was known variously as Julie de Bourbon, Julie de Guenani (an anagram for Anguien, an alternative spelling for the family name Enghien) or Mademoiselle de Châteaubriant. She was legitimised in 1693 when she was twenty-five. She died on 10 March 1710, at the age of forty-three.
He was succeeded by his only son, Louis III, Prince of Condé.
| Name | Portrait | Lifespan | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marie Thérèse de Bourbon Princess of Conti |
1 February 1666 – 22 February 1732 |
Born in Paris and known as Mademoiselle de Bourbon in her youth, she married her cousin François Louis, Prince of Conti and had issue; she was for a short time the titular Queen of Poland in 1697. | ||
| Henri de Bourbon Duke of Bourbon |
5 November 1667 – 5 July 1670 |
Born in Paris, he was the Duke of Bourbon and heir apparent of his father; he died before age 3 in Paris. | ||
| Louis de Bourbon Duke of Bourbon Prince of Condé |
10 November 1668 – 4 March 1710 |
; Born in Paris, he became the heir apparent of his father on his brother's death in 1670; he married Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, Légitimée de France and daughter of Louis XIV; the couple had issue. | ||
| Anne de Bourbon Mademoiselle d’Enghien |
11 November 1670 – 27 May 1675 |
Born in Paris, she died at age 4, having been known as Mademoiselle d’Enghien since birth. | ||
| Henri de Bourbon Count of Clermont |
3 July 1672 – 6 June 1675 |
Born at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and died in Paris. | ||
| Louis Henri de Bourbon Count of La Marche |
9 November 1673 – 21 February 1677 |
Born in Paris, he died at the age of 3 in the same city; | ||
| Anne Marie Victoire de Bourbon Mademoiselle d'Enghien Mademoiselle de Condé |
11 August 1675 – 23 October 1700 |
Born in Paris, she died at the age of twenty-five at the Château Asnières; | ||
| Anne Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon Duchess of Maine |
8 November 1676 – 23 January 1753 |
Born in Paris, she was known as Mademoiselle d’Enghien and then Mademoiselle de Charolais during her youth; she married another illegitimate child of Louis XIV, Louis Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine; the couple had issue. | ||
| Marie Anne de Bourbon Duchess of Vendôme |
24 February 1678 – 11 April 1718 |
Born in Paris, she was known as Mademoiselle de Montmorency and then Mademoiselle d’Enghien during her youth; she married her cousin, Louis Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme; the couple had no issue and Marie Anne died at the Hôtel de Vendôme allegedly as an alcoholic. | ||
| N de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Clermont |
17 July 1679 – 17 September 1680 |
Born and died in Paris; |
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